The Vacuum is a humble cousin of the mechanism you'll find in everything from your Dustbuster to a Roomba. A spinning rotor creates an air pressure difference, drawing air in through the nozzle and exhausting it out through the slots. Dust and dirt are drawn in with the airflow, and captured by a filter.
The rotor is attached to one of out little FA-130 motors. As the rotor spins it imparts centripetal acceleration on the air between the vanes. The air is flung out, creating an area of low pressure at the rotors center. The suction nozzle attaches directly over this area of low pressure, and air exits through the slots around the outside of the Vacuum's body.
A small piece of toilet paper make a simple filter to capture the dust we pick up, otherwise it will just be blown out the exhaust. The Toilet paper is captured between the body and nozzle, with the excess torn away.
So how well does our tinny motor vacuum work? We can use a handful of sawdust from the Hammerspace dust collector to test it out.
Well its no Dyson, but that's not half bad for our tinny little motor and a few hours of work.
Download the Vacuum Files From Thingiverse: www.thingiverse.com/thing:539986
FA-130 Size Motor At Pololu: www.pololu.com/product/77